Consciousness is the awareness of the self in space and time. Researchers attempt to study states of human consciousness and differences in perception in order to understand how the body works to produce conscious awareness. Neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) are sets of neurons and series of events necessary for conscious perception. Argued consciousness to be nothing more than a state or function of the brain. Within cognitive psychology, there were many similar reductive proposals which identified consciousness with some aspect of human information processing, for example with working memory, focal attention, a central executive, or a “global workspace”(e.g. Baars, 1988).
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Consciousness is a term used to describe the experience of awareness. As you might have already realized, not all forms of awareness are the same. There are a number of different states of human consciousness as well as a variety of things that can have an impact on these states of awareness.
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Human consciousness is often compared to a stream, constantly changing but always flowing smoothly.
Understanding Consciousness
Have you ever wondered why you feel more energetic in the morning, tried to analyze your dreams or questioned how hypnosis works? All of these topics are related to human consciousness, which can be altered in a number of different ways (such as performing holotropic breathwork).
How Conscience and Conscious Are Used in Psychology
Body Clocks
Many people begin the day full of energy but then start to feel run-down by mid-afternoon. Other people struggle to plod through the morning routine only to finally feel energetic in the evening. The daily fluctuations of energy levels are known as the circadian rhythm and play and important role in human consciousness. Sometimes referred to as the body's 'clocks,' these daily rhythms have a major impact on your consciousness as well as a wide number of physiological states. Understanding these biological and environmental rhythms can tell you a great deal about how body clocks can influence states of consciousness.
Sleep and Consciousness
Sleep has fascinated researchers, scientists and scholars for thousands of years. Technological innovations during the last century allowed scientists to study sleep in ways that simply weren't possible in the past, which has helped lead to a number of theories of sleep. Learn more about the stages of sleep, why we sleep and some of the most common sleep disorders:
Dreams and Consciousness
At some point in your life, you have probably had a truly baffling dream that left you wondering, 'What did that mean?' Learn more about some of the research on dream characteristics, theories and interpretations:
Hypnosis and Consciousness
Hypnosis has been used to for a number of purposes including pain management and weight loss. Is hypnosis really an effective therapeutic tool? Click the following link to find out the answer to this question and many others about hypnosis.
What Is the Unconscious?
Drugs and Consciousness
Psychoactive drugs can be used to treat serious medical conditions, but they can also lead to addictions and social problems. Learn more about how these drugs affect human consciousness in this overview of some of the most common psychoactive drugs.
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Final Thoughts
States of conscious play an important role in our everyday experience. In order to see how consciousness works, it helps to understand how it can be influenced by the body's natural processes, sleep, disorders, and substances.
While people often talk about consciousness, it can be somewhat difficult to define. Consciousness refers to your individual awareness of your unique thoughts, memories, feelings, sensations, and environment. Your consciousness is your awareness of yourself and the world around you. This awareness is subjective and unique to you.
Your conscious experiences are constantly shifting and changing. For example, in one moment you may be focused on reading this article. Your consciousness may then shift to the memory of a conversation you had earlier with a co-worker. Next, you might notice how uncomfortable your chair is, or maybe you are mentally planning dinner.
This ever-shifting stream of thoughts can change dramatically from one moment to the next, but your experience of it seems smooth and effortless.
Some different states of consciousness include sleep, dreams, hypnosis, hallucinations, meditation, and the effects of psychoactive drugs.
Early Research on Consciousness
For thousands of years, the study of human consciousness was largely the work of philosophers. The French philosopher Rene Descartes introduced the concept of mind-body dualism or the idea that while the mind and body are separate, they do interact.
Once psychology was established as a discipline separate from philosophy and biology, the study of the conscious experience became one of the first topics studied by early psychologists.
Structuralists used a process known as introspection to analyze and report conscious sensations, thoughts, and experiences. Trained observers would carefully inspect the contents of their own minds. Obviously, this was a very subjective process, but it helped inspire further research on the scientific study of consciousness.
The American psychologist William James compared consciousness to a stream; unbroken and continuous despite constant shifts and changes. Psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud focused on understanding the importance of the unconscious and conscious mind.
While the focus of much of the research in psychology shifted to purely observable behaviors during the first half of the twentieth century, research on human consciousness has grown tremendously since the 1950s.
What Is the Unconscious Mind?
How Do Psychologists Define Consciousness?
One of the problems with the study of consciousness is the lack of a universally accepted operational definition. Descartes proposed the idea of cogito ergo sum (I think, therefore I am), suggested that the very act of thinking demonstrates the reality of one’s existence and consciousness.
Today, consciousness is often viewed as an individual’s awareness of their own internal states as well as the events going on around them. If you can describe something you are experiencing in words, then it is part of your consciousness.
In psychology, consciousness is occasionally confused with the conscience. It is important to note that while consciousness involves awareness of yourself and the world, your conscience is related to your morality and sense of right or wrong.
Modern Theories of ConsciousnessLevels Of Consciousness Psychology
Research on consciousness has focused on understanding the neuroscience behind our conscious experiences. Scientists have even utilized brain-scanning technology to seek out specific neurons that might be linked to different conscious events.
Modern researchers have proposed two major theories of consciousness:
Integrated Information Theory
This approach looks at consciousness by learning more about the physical processes that underlie our conscious experiences. The theory attempts to create a measure of the integrated information that forms consciousness. The quality of an organism’s consciousness is represented by the level of integration.
This theory tends to focus on whether something is conscious and to what degree it is conscious.
Global Workspace Theory
This theory suggests that we have a memory bank from which the brain draws information to form the experience of conscious awareness. While integrated information theory focuses more on identifying whether an organism is conscious, the global workspace theory offers a much broader approach to understanding how consciousness works.
Consciousness In Psychology Pdf ConverterA Word From VerywellStates Of Consciousness In Psychology Pdf
While consciousness has intrigued philosophers and scientists for thousands of years, we clearly have a long way to go in our understanding the concept. Researchers continue to explore the different bases of consciousness including the physical, social, cultural and psychological influences that contribute to our conscious awareness.
What Role Does the Conscious Mind Play
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